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Biographical
Sketch:
I.
EDUCATION (Psychology, Psychobiology and Neuroscience)
B.S. 1965 University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
M.S. 1967 University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
Ph.D. 1969 University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
(Dissertation: "The Neural Basis of Aggression")
II.
PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND
1968 - 1969 Instructor; Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts
1969 - 1970 NSF Post-doctoral research fellow; University of Sussex,
Brighton, England
1970 - 1971 NIGMS Post-doctoral research fellow; University of
Sussex, Brighton, England
1971 - 1972 NIMH Post-doctoral research fellow; Worcester Foundation
for Experimental
Biology, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts
1972 - 1974 Assistant Professor; Bowling Green State University,
Bowling Green, OH
1974 - 1977 Associate Professor; BGSU, Bowling Green, OH
1977 - 1988 Professor; BGSU, Bowling Green, OH
1988 - Present Distinguished Research Professor of Psychology,
BGSU (Emeritus since 1999)
1999 - 2000 Visiting Professor, Dept. of Psychology, University
of Michigan
1990 - Present Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry, Medical College
of Ohio at Toledo
2001 - Present Head, Affective Neuroscience Research, Chicago
Institute for Neurosurgery and Neuroresearch and Falk Center for
Molecular Therapeutics, Adjunct Professor of Psychology, Northwestern
University.
2002 - 2003 Honorary Leverhulme Visiting Professor, University
of Portsmouth (UK)
III.
TEACHING EXPERTISE AND INTERESTS
- Brain Mechanisms of Behavior
- Developmental Psychobiology
- Psychobiology of Emotions and Motivations
- Developmental Brain Research
- Neuroanatomy, Neurophysiology and Neuropsychology
- Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Developmental Disorders
- Abnormal Behavior/Biological Psychiatry
- Experimental Methods
- Affective Neuroscience
IV. SPECIAL HONORS AND AWARDS
- BGSU Special Achievement Award (1974 & 1975)
- BGSU Research and Development Award (1976)
- Sigma Xi Outstanding Young Scientist Award (1977)
- NIMH Research Scientist Development Award (1975 - 1980)
- Award, Meritorious Research in Autism, Toledo Soc. for Autism,
1987
- Outstanding Contributor to Graduate Education at BGSU (1988)
- Distinguished Research Professorship in Psychobiology, BGSU
(1988)
- Professional of the Year, NW Ohio Autism Society (1991)
- Member of Interdisciplinary Core Faculty, NIMH Post-doctoral
training program for the Study of Emotions (MH-18931), 3 Year
appointment, UC Berkeley and USF (1989-1991), 4 year re-appointment
(1992-1995), 2 year re-appointment, Univ. of WI (1996-1998)
- Professor of the Year, Psi Chi National Honor Soc., BGSU Chapter
(1996-1997)
- Zdenek Klein Award for Human Ethology, year 2002 for contribution
to the Special Issue on Human Ethology and Evolutionary Psychology
entitled "Comparative Approaches in Evolutionary Psychology:
Molecular Neuroscience Meets the Mind" Supplement to the
Neuroendocrinology Letters, Vol 23, Dec. 2002.
Jaak
Panksepp finished his doctoral studies at the University of
Massachusetts in behavioral neuroscience (Ph.D., 1969) working
on aggression systems of the brain and then pursued postdoctoral
work in feeding and nutrition at the University of Sussex and
sleep physiology at the Worcester Foundation for Experimental
Biology. His present research is devoted to the analysis of neuroanatomical
and neurochemical mechanisms of emotional behaviors (in the emerging
field of affective neuroscience), with a focus on understanding
how separation responses, social bonding, social play, fear, anticipatory
processes, and drug craving are organized in the brain, especially
with reference to psychiatric disorders. His past work in hypothalamic
mechanisms of energy balance control was supported by a NIMH Research
Scientist Development Award. He is author of over 200 scientific
articles which deal with basic physiological mechanisms of motivated
behavior. He is co-editor of the multi-volume "Handbook of
the Hypothalamus" and of "Emotions and Psychopathology."
He edited a series on the "Advances in Biological Psychiatry,"
and his text on Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human
and Animal Emotions (Oxford) has helped guide and conceptualize
basic emotion research. His general research orientation is that
a detailed understanding of basic emotional systems at the neural
level will highlight the basic sources of human values and the
nature and genesis of emotional disorders in humans. He has helped
develop the controversial opioid-antagonist therapy for autistic
children based on his pre-clinical investigations into brain circuits
which control social behaviors and is pursuing new therapies for
the treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD).
At
the present time, Panksepp is among a handful of active investigators
who is doing empirical work on the neurobiological nature of emotional
processes. His empirical and theoretical work during the past
decade have directly touched most of the known brain systems which
elaborate the basic emotions. His interests and theoretical contributions
will be summarized by noting the review-type papers that he has
published during the past two decades (see attached references).
Overall perspectives on brain organization of emotionality are
summarized in citations 1-6. His contributions to our understanding
of basic anticipatory/expectancy mechanisms of the brain which
have implications for understanding schizophrenia, as summarized
in citations 7-9. He has contributed to our understanding of basic
social-emotional mechanisms in the brain and is one of the founders
of this field, as reviewed in citations 10-15. He initiated work
on our understanding of how play/joy processes are organized in
the brain (as reviewed in citations 16-19), and how separation
anxiety/fear and other stress processes reflect neural organization
(as reviewed in citations 20-23). He has helped integrate our
understanding of neurochemical coding of behavior, with a specific
focus on basic psycho-behavioral operating systems of the brain
in refs 24-26. He has developed a new animal model of depression
(ref 36) and has helped translate some of the basic animal work
into clinical practice (i.e., naltrexone treatment of autistic
disorders, as summarized in refs 27-34) and related psychiatric
issues in ref. 35-40. His earlier contributions to the field of
energy balance regulation are summarized in citations 41-47. In
addition to his academic work, he presently serves as the director
of the non-profit Memorial Foundation for Lost Children which
provides information and advice to parents concerning various
childhood neuropsychiatric disorders, especially autism and ADHD.
REFERENCES
The
following reviews are general contributions to the neuro-theoretical
understanding of emotions
1.
Panksepp, J. (1982). Toward a general psychobiological theory
of emotions. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 407-467.
2.
Panksepp, J. (1985). Mood changes: In Handbook of Clinical Neurology.
Vol. 1. (45): Clinical Neuropsychology. pp. 271-285, Amsterdam,
Elsevier Science Publishers.
3.
Panksepp, J. (1989). The neurobiology of emotions: Of animal brains
and human feelings. In T. Manstead & H. Wagner (Eds.) Handbook
of Psychophysiology, pp 5-26, Chichester, UK: John Wiley &
Sons.
4.
Panksepp, J. (1991). Affective Neuroscience: A conceptual framework
for the neurobiological study of emotions. In International Reviews
of Emotion Research, (K. Strongman, Ed.) pp 59-99, Chichester,
UK: Wiley.
5.
Panksepp (1995) Affective Neuroscience: A paradigm to study the
animate circuits for human emotions. In. Emotions: An Interdisciplinary
Approach, pp 29-60, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
6.
Panksepp, J. & Miller, A. (1996), Emotions and the aging brain.
Regrets and remedies, In eds. C. Magai & S.H. McFadden, Handbook
of Emotion, Adult Development and Aging, (San Diego, Academic
Press), pp. 3-26.
The
following references are to ancipatory/expectancy mechanisms of
the brain.
7.
Panksepp, J. (1981). Hypothalamic integration of behavior: Rewards,
punishments, and related psycho- biological process. In Handbook
of the Hypothalamus, vol. 3, Part A. Behavioral Studies of the
Hypothalamus. P. J. Morgane and J. Panksepp (Eds.). pp. 289-487,
New York: Marcel Dekker.
8.
Panksepp, J. (1986, ). The anatomy of emotions. In Emotion: Theory,
Research and Experience Vol. III. Biological Foundations of Emotions.
R. Plutchik (Ed.). pp. 91-124, New York: Academic Press.
9.
Panksepp, J. (1992). A critical role for "Affective Neuroscience"
in resolving what is basic about basic emotions. Psychological
Review, 99, 554-560.
The
following references are to our work on separation-distress and
attachment processes of the brain.
10.
Panksepp, J. , Herman, B. H. , Villberg, T. , Bishop, P. and DeEskinazi,
F. G. (1980). Endogenous opioids and social behavior. Neuroscience
and Biobehavioral Reviews, 4, 473-487.
11.
Panksepp, J. (1981). Brain opioids: A neurochemical substrate
for narcotic and social dependence. In Progress in theory in psychopharmacology.
S. Cooper (Ed.). pp. 149-175, London: Academic Press.
12.
Panksepp, J. , Siviy, S. M. , & Normansell, L.A. (1985). Brain
opioids and social emotions. In M. Reite and T. Fields (eds) The
Psychobiology of Attachment and Separation, pp. 3-49, NY, Academic
Press.
13.
Panksepp, J. , Normansell, L. , Herman, B. , Bishop, P. &
Crepeau, L. (1988). Neural and neurochemical control of the separation
distress call. In. J. D. Newman (Ed.). The Physiological Control
of Mammalian Vocalizations. pp 263-300, New York: Plenum Press.
14.
Panksepp, J. (1988). Brain opioids and social affect. Advances
in Thanatology, 6, 59-65.
15.
Panksepp, J., Newman, J.D., & Insel, T.R. (1992). Critical
conceptual issues in the analysis of separation distress systems
of the brain. In. (K.T. Strongman, ed) International Review of
Studies on Emotion, Vol. 2, pp. 51-72, Chichester, UK: John Wiley
& Sons.
The
following references summarize our work on the psychobiological
substrates of play.
16.
Panksepp, J. , Siviy, S. , & Normansell, L. (1984). The psychobiology
of play: Theoretical and methodological perspectives. Neuroscience
and Biobehavioral Reviews, 8, 465-492.
17.
Panksepp, J. (1986). The psychobiology of prosocial behaviors:
separation distress, play, and altruism. In C. Zahn-Waxler, E.
M. Cummings & R. Iannotti (Eds.). Altruism and Aggression,
Biological and Social Origins. pp. 19-57, Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press.
18.
Panksepp, J., Normansell, L., Cox, J. , Crepeau, L. and Sacks,
D.S. (1987). Psychopharmacology of social play. In. J. Mos (Ed.)
Ethnopharmacology of Social Behavior, pp. 132-144, Dordrecht:
Martinus Nijhoff.
19.
Panksepp, J. (1993). Rough and tumble play: A fundamental brain
process. In. K. MacDonald (ed.) Parent-Child Play. pp. 147-184,
Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
The
following references summarize our work on fear/anxiety/stress
systems in brain.
20.
Panksepp, J. (1990). The psychoneurology of fear: Evolutionary
perspectives and the role of animal models in understanding human
anxiety. In: Handbook of Anxiety. pp. 3-58, Amsteram: Elsevier.
21.
Panksepp, J., Sacks, D.S., Crepeau, L.J., Abbott, B.B. (1991).
The psycho- and neuro-biology of fear systems in the brain. In
Aversive Events and Behavior, M.R. Denny (Ed.), pp. 7-59, Hillsdale,
NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
22.
Panksepp, J. (1990). A role for "affective neuroscience"
in understanding stress: The case of separation distress circuitry.
Psychobiology of Stress, A. Oliverio (Ed.) Advanced NATO Workshop
Series, pp. 41-58, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
23.
Panksepp, J. (1996) Modern approaches to understanding fear: From
laboratory to clinical practice. Advances in Biological Psychiatry,
Vol. 2, pp 209-230, JAI Press Inc, Greenwich CT.
The
following summarize some of our thinking on neurochemical coding
of emotions.
24.
Panksepp, J. (1986). The neurochemistry of behavior. Annual Review
of Psychology, 37, 77-107.
25.
Panksepp, J. (1992). Oxytocin effects on emotional processes:
Separation distress, social bonding, and relations to psychiatric
disorders. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 652,
pp. 243-252.
26.
Panksepp, J. (1993). Neurochemical control of moods and emotions:
Amino acids to neuropeptides. In. M. Lewis and J. Haviland (Eds.)
The Handbook of Emotions. pp. pp 87-107, New York: Guilford.
The
following summarize our work on brain socio-emotional systems
and autism.
27.
Panksepp, J. (1979). A neurochemical theory of autism. Trends
in Neuroscience, 2, 174-177.
28.
Panksepp, J. , & Sahley, T. (1987). Possible brain opioid
involvement in disrupted social intent and language development
of autism. In E. Schopler & G. Mesibov (Eds.). Neurobiological
Issues in Autism. pp. 357-382, New York: Plenum Press.
29.
Panksepp, J. and Lensing, P. (1991). A synopsis of an open-trial
of naltrexone treatment of autism with four children. Journal
of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21, 243-249.
30.
Panksepp, J., Lensing, P., Leboyer, M., and Bouvard, M.P. (1991).
Naltrexone and other potential new pharmacological treatments
of autism. Brain Dysfunction, 4, 281-300.
31.
Leboyer, M., Bouvard, M.P., Launay, J.-M., Tabuteau, F., Waller,
D., Dugas, M., Kerdelhue, B., Lensing, P. and Panksepp, J. (1992).
A double-blind study of naltrexone in infantile autism. Journal
of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 22, 311-321.
32.
Bouvard, M.P., Leboyer, M., Launay, J.-M., Recasens, C., Plumet,
M.-H., Waller-Perotte, W., Tabuteau, F., bondoux, D., Dugas, M.,
Lensing, P. & Panksepp, J. (1995). Low-dose naltrexone effects
on plasma chemistries and clinical symptoms in autism: a double-blind,
placebo-controlled study. Psychiatry Research, 58, 191-201.
33.
McBride, J.A. & Panksepp, J. (1995). An examination of the
phenomenology and the relaibility of ratings of compulsive behavior
in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 25,
381-395.
34.
Lensing, P., Schimke, H., Klimesch, W., Pap, V., Szemes, G., Klingler,
D. & Panksepp, J., (1995). Clinical case report: opiate antagonist
and event-releated desynchronization in 2 autistic boys. Neuropsychobiology,
32, 16-23.
The
following are related to other aspects of emotions and psychiatric
issues.
35.
Panksepp, J. (1989). The psychobiology of emotions: The animal
side of human feelings. In G. Gainotti & C. Caltagirone (Eds).
Emotions and the dual brain: Experimental Brain Research Series
18, pp. 31-55, Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
36.
Panksepp, J. (1988). Brain Emotional Circuits and Psychopathologies,
In M. Clynes and J. Panksepp (Eds.) Emotions and Psychopathology,
pp. 37-76, New York, Plenum Press.
37.
Panksepp, J. , Yates, G., Ikemoto, S., & Nelson, E. (1991).
Simple ethological models of depression: Social- isolation induced
"despair" in chicks and mice. In. B. Olivier, J. Mos.,
J.L. Slangen (Eds.) Animal Models in Psychopharmacology, pp. 161-181,
Basel: Birkhauser.
38.
Panksepp, J., Newman, J.D. and Insel, T.R. (1992). Critical conceptual
issues in the analysis of separation-distress systems of the brain.
In K.T. Strongman (ed.) International Review of Studies on Emotions.
pp. 51-72, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
39.
Panksepp, J. (1995) The emotional brain and biological psychiatry,
In Advances in biological psychiatry, (J. Panksepp, ed), pp. 263-286,
Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
40.
Panksepp, J. (1998). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorders,
psychostimulants, and inteolerance of childhood playfulness: a
tragedy in the making? Current Directions in Psychological Sciences,
7: 91-98.
Older
reviews of work on energy balance regulation in the body.
41.
Panksepp, J. (1974). Hypothalamic regulation of energy balance
and feeding behavior. Federation Proceedings 33, 1150-1165.
42.
Panksepp, J. (1975). Central metabolic and humoral factors involved
in the neural regulation of feeding. Pharmacology Biochemistry
and Behavior, Vol. 3, supplement 1, 107-119.
43.
Panksepp, J. (1975). Hormonal control of feeding behavior and
energy balance. In Hormonal Correlates of Behavior. Vol. 2, An
Organismic View. B.E. Eleftheriou & R.L. Sprott (Eds.) pp.
657-695, New York, Plenum Press.
44.
Panksepp, J. (1976). On the nature of feeding patterns. In Hunger:
Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications. D. Novin, W. Wyrwicka
& G. Bray (eds.) pp. 369-382, New York, Raven Press.
45.
Panksepp, J. and Meeker, R.B. (1977). Effects of insulin and hypothalamic
lesions of glucose preference in rats. In. Food Intake and Chemical
Senses. Y. Katsuki (ed). pp. 343-356, Tokyo: Univ. of Tokyo Press.
46.
Panksepp, J. (1978). Feeding patterns: Data reduction and theoretical
considerations. In Hunger Models: Quantitative Theory of Feeding
Control. D. Booth (ed). pp 143-166, London: Academic Press.
47.
Panksepp, J., Bishop, P. & Rossi, J. (1979). Neurohumoral
and endocrine control of feeding. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 4,
89-106.
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