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NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
LETTERS
including
Psychoneuroimmunology, Neuropsychopharmacology,
Reproductive Medicine, Chronobiology
and Human Ethology, ISSN 0172–780X
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NEL
Vol.24 No.1/2, Feb-Apr 2003
REVIEW ARTICLE
Perspectives
of somatostatin analogs
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2003;
24:21–27
pii: NEL241203R01
PMID: 12743527
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Perspectives
of new potential therapeutic applications of somatostatin
analogs*
Marek
Pawlikowski & Gabriela Melen-Mucha
Department
of Experimental Endocrinology and Hormone Diagnostics, Institute
of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, POLAND.
Submitted:
November 20, 2002 Accepted: December 16, 2002
Key
words:
somatostatin analogs, clinical applications
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Abstract
At
the present time only two long-acting somatostatin (SS) analogs,
octreotide and lanreotide, are commonly used in the routine
therapy. Both analogs have a high affinity mainly to a somatostatin
receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2). The established indications for
SS analogs treatment include acromegaly, neuroendocrine tumors
of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, and some gastro-enterologic
diseases (pancreatitis, gastrointestinal bleedings, refractory
diarrheas, pancreatic and intestinal fistulas). The recent
investigations allow to predict the enlargement of therapeutic
applications of SS analogs. It concerns pituitary tumors other
than somatotropinoma, tumors of other endocrine glands like
thyroid and adrenal gland, as well as some non-endocrine tumors.
The progress depends on the introduction of new SS analogs
with high affinity for SS receptor subtypes other than SSTR2,
because some tumors present the high expression of SSTR1 (e.g.
prostatic cancers) or SSTR5 (e.g. colonic cancers). Great
hopes are connected with the coupling of SS analogs with the
radioactive isotopes or non-radioactive cytotoxic agents to
destruct the neoplastic cells highly expressing the specific
subtypes of SS receptors.
The pre- or postoperative in vivo imaging of SS receptors
by means of the receptor scintigraphy, as well as the post-operative
identification of SS receptor subtypes in the excised tumor
tissues using immunohistochemistry, should play an important
role in the prediction of the effects of SS analog treatment.
Beside oncology, new therapeutic applications of SS analogs
could be presumed among others in ophthalmology; it concerns
the treatment of progressive Graves-Basedow ophtalmopathy,
diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and corneal diseases connected
with corneal vascularization.
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__________________________________________________________
Copyright © Neuroendocrinology Letters 2003
Society of Integrated Sciences
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